Myopia

Myopia is a refractive error of the eye in which light rays do not focus on the retina, as is normal, but somewhere in front of it.

For this reason, the myopic person cannot clearly see objects that are far away, while he has no problem with objects that are close.

A parent can tell if their child has myopia:

When he sees it watching TV at a very close distance.
When he frequently rubs his eyes or blinks in an effort to focus better.
When the child complains that he cannot see clearly on the board or has frequent headaches.

Causes

Myopia in most cases is due to the eyeball being more elongated, than the normal spherical shape, and may be due to an increased anteroposterior axis of the eye (axial myopia) or an increased refractive power of the eye (refractive myopia) or a combination both of them.

Types of Myopia

It is divided into simple and pathological. Simple myopia appears from childhood, usually between 5 and 12 years and is either hereditary or due to an incorrect way of viewing (reading in poor lighting, from too close, etc.). Pathological myopia appears in adolescence and worsens later.

Diagnosis

The diagnosis of myopia is usually made through an eye examination performed by a specialist ophthalmologist who usually subjects the patient to more tests beyond refraction testing to rule out other eye conditions that may coexist with myopia.

Corrected with

Glasses that have diverging lenses
Contact lenses of various types (hard, soft, etc.)
LASER procedure (PRK or LASIK)
Intraocular lens operations